SAMR model for ICT integration in education

SAMR model for ICT integration in education

SAMR Model

-          The SAMR Model is a framework created by Dr. Ruben Puentedura that categorizes four different degrees of classroom technology integration. The letters “SAMR” stand for Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition.

-          The SAMR model was created to share a common language across disciplines as teachers strive to personalize learning and help students visualize complex concepts. The SAMR Model can be especially powerful during remote and blended learning when integrated classroom technology makes teaching and learning a more seamless experience for educators and students.

-          The SAMR model, represented as a ladder, is a four-level approach to selecting, using, and evaluating technology in K-12 (from kindergarten to 12th Grade) education. According to Puentedura (2006), the SAMR model is intended to be a tool through which one may describe and categorize K-12 teachers’ uses of classroom technology (see Fig. 1). The model encourages teachers to move up from lower to higher levels of teaching with technology, which according to Puentedura, leads to higher (i.e., enhanced) levels of teaching and learning (Hamilton et al.,2016). 

History of SAMR Model:

 - -The SAMR Model developed in 2010 by education researcher Ruben Puentedura, who was the 1991 recipient of a Phi Beta Kappa teaching award. 

  

                                                                         Fig. 1

 

-          Substitution, where technology acts as a direct replacement of older equipment. For example, lessons being written on computers instead of notebooks.

 

-          Augmentation, is where the blossoming of learning opportunities begins to happen in earnest. Here, the substitution begins to bring about functional improvement in learning. Beyond the neat and tidy notes produced by a computer in the substitution phase, students may become able to share the notes over a network, or perhaps seamlessly integrate them with source material.

 

-          Modification stage, tasks are fundamentally redesigned as the technology allows for improved lessons and a richer array of learning. At this stage, a student’s notes or assignment may well contain links to third party citations on the web, or embedded media relevant to the topic.

 

-          Redefinition stage enables entirely new lessons that were previously impossible and likely not even conceived. It is in this final stage that entire disciplines are able to be viewed through new lenses and their very understanding is changed and expanded (Guerin, 2015). 

Pros and Cons Of  SAMR Model: 

Pros-

-         - The replacement of paper to computing technology could result in a lower carbon footprint, thus making this method more environmentally friendly.

-        -  The material places on learning sites can be accessed globally, allowing all an equal opportunity and access to educational resources.

 -  Time saving: using sources from the internet can save time and money for the teacher. They will save on printing out worksheets as well as providing multiple books for a classroom when they can pay for online subscriptions with unlimited access. 

      Cons-

-        -  The substitution of paper and pen by word processors may create a lack of engagement from students. They may not feel they need to pay full attention when lessons/ lectures can be recorded and typed.

-        -  Again, word processers and factors such as spell checking within these means students may slack on their learning of proper spellings and the use of appropriate spelling and grammar, which in turn will negatively affect their education. 

Example of SAMR model in English education:-

·   Substitution: Reading a comprehension passage and answer questions on a PDF annotated using Skitch.

·     Augmentation: Practice of spelling words using an app such as Spelling City or School A to Z, allowing personalised lists and immediate feedback.

· Modification: Digital story telling, a piece of creative writing is transformedusing Storybird, iMovie or Photo Story.

·   Redefinition: A personal blog through Weebly or Blogger is used to share writing taskswith a global audience, feedback is given by online viewers.

-          Click below URL to see video about SAMR model:-

-          https://youtu.be/9b5yvgKQdqE  (Dincer, 2020).

References:

Dincer, N. (2020, 2 6). Myeltcafe. Retrieved from Myeltcafe.vom: http://myeltcafe.com/teach/the-samr-model-for-technology-integration/

Guerin, D. (2015, 8 11). Lingimedia. Retrieved from Lingimedia.com: https://lingomedia.com/stages-of-edtech-the-samr-model-for-technology-integration/

Hamilton, E. R., Rosenberg, J. M., & Akcaoglu, M. (2016). The substitution augmentation modification redefinition (SAMR) model: A critical review and suggestions for its use. TechTrends, 60(5), 433-441.